Analysis Of The Poem Snow - 924 Words

True love is irresistible and regardless of obstacles and interferences from outside forces, undying affections still remain. In the third stanza, he uses a simile to compare how his lover can shut him down emotionally with how a rose closes in the winter time. He creates this beautiful image to represent his consistent and never ending love towards her. He says if he has to leave her, then he will be like a cold rose in a garden covered with snow. Such an image symbolizes dead or dormant love; the result of rejection and heartache from leaving her. Snow falls gently and silently, which enhances the beauty of the scene. The snow represents death and the end of a relationship. When winter comes, flowers wither and through personification, he compares the flower to his heart and says that when a flower detects snow falling, it closes off and eventually, dies due to the bearable conditions. Snow occurs during winter and winter strongly contrasts with Spring, which was mentioned in the previous stanza. Instead of the cycle of life, a resurrection, a relationship, and hope, there will be anger, resentment, discontentment, anxiety, anguish, or hatred from the cold that will displace it. He is willing to suffer, disappear, and deny his feelings just for her sake. Closing himself off from the world and shutting â€Å"very beautifully† (10) is not a sacrifice too big for him to commit because he is doing it out of love for her. So, like a flower, on the outside, he will appear fine, butShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Poem The Snow Flower And Snow Flowers 1484 Words   |  6 Pagesas kindred sisters who are even closer than a husband and wife. Her laotong, Snow Flower, introduces herself by sending Lily a silk fan where she has written a poem in nu shu, the unique and secret language created by Chinese women. As the years pass, Lily and Snow Flower send messages on the fan and compose stories, on handkerchiefs, to share their hopes, dreams and accomplishments . Through the point of view of Lily, Snow Flower and the Secret Fan by Lisa See shows the pain, the hardships, and theRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Snow White 2692 Words   |  11 Pages SNOW WHITE Prologue: The Seed The stars glitter coldly, the frozen lake shines icily, the Queen looks on regally. Her hair is a star-filled night dotted with grey; her eyes are a cool, azure blue. A gleaming, nefarious smile lingers on her tightly drawn lips. Rise. She says, and a huntsman in front of her clambers to his feet. The huntsman is not at his best. He s haggard with traces of brown stubble appearing on his dark flesh. His usually lush hair is unkempt. My Lady, The huntsmanRead MoreJohn Greenleaf Whittiers Poem Snow-Bound: An Analysis of Romantic Poetry644 Words   |  3 Pagesnature, were also themes shared by all the romantic era poets. John Greenleaf Whittiers poem Snow-bound fills all the criteria for romantic poetry, and may even be the quintessential American romantic era poem. In Snow-bound, a family is trapped inside their New England cabin. They use the opportunity for self-reflection, musing on the past, and bonding over their experiences. Natural imagery pervades the poem, which is narrative in style and epic in scope. The snowstorm that prompts the narrativeRead MoreBilly Collins, analysis of his poems. Shoveling snow with Buddha, Victorias secret, and I Chop Some Parsley While Listening To Art Blakeys Version Of Three Blind Mice3082 Words   |  13 Pagesthe poem could be read like a novel. The other type brings humor and whimsy to his work, yet he hints at a seriousness that lies beneath the surface. Both styles of poetry are easy to read, but take a second look to realize what the Collins is intending the reader to understand. Billy Collins is an exceptionally talented poet whose writing at first can be taken to be a simple comedy but when read more carefully, it can be interpreted as a far more complex script. First readings of the poems I ChopRead More Analysis of Robert Frosts Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening832 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of Robert Frosts Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening is a very well know poem by Robert Frost. The poem appears to be very simple, but it has a hidden meaning to it. The simple words and rhyme scheme of the poem gives it an easy flow, which adds to the calmness of the poem. The rhyme scheme (aaba, bbcb, ccdc, dddd) and the rhythm (iambic tetrameter) give the poem a solid structure. The poem is about the speaker’s experience of stopping by theRead MoreRobert Frost Explication Analysis1266 Words   |  6 PagesPoetry Explication Essay The poem Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening was published in Robert Frost’s New Hampshire in 1924 (Pritchard). The poem is among the most easily recognizable and familiar works written by Frost. On the surface, this poem is a short encounter at the edge of a snowy forest. Perhaps its outer simplicity is what makes the poem stand out in the minds of readers. The straightforward structure and balanced rhyme pattern make it easy to recite and the imagery Frost evokes is bothRead More Analysis of Robert Frosts Desert Places Essay1236 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of Robert Frosts Desert Places Robert Frosts Desert Places is a testament to the harrowing nature of solidarity. By subjecting the narrator to the final moments of daylight on a snowy evening, an understanding about the nature of blank spaces and emptiness becomes guratively illuminated. The poems loneliness has the ability to transcend nature and drill a hole through the mind of the narrator so that all hope for relationships with man and nature are abandoned. Read MoreAnalysis of Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening851 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of Stopping by woods on a snowy evening Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening is a very well know poem by Robert Frost. The poem appears to be very simple, but it has a hidden meaning to it. The simple words and rhyme scheme of the poem gives it an easy flow, which adds to the calmness of the poem. The rhyme scheme (aaba, bbcb, ccdc, dddd) and the rhythm (iambic tetrameter) give the poem a solid structure. The poem is about the speaker s experience of stopping by the dark woods inRead MoreWinter: A Magical Time of Year809 Words   |  3 Pageswinter as my theme for a number of reasons. Winter is when nature sleeps, or dies, waiting for spring to come. Also, winter is great because of snow and the cold weather. Winter is a great time to just sit inside by a fire and read a book. The peace and quiet of winter is also what makes it one of the best seasons of the year. The analysis of the following poems â€Å"Now Winter Nights Enlarge† by Thomas Campion, â€Å"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening† by Robert Fros t, â€Å"Like Brooms of Steel† by Emily DickinsonRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem For The Union Dead 1412 Words   |  6 PagesThe poem â€Å"For the Union dead† by Robert Lowell is one of the writings whose title is exquisitely regarded. Commencing as a private meditation of his childhood the poet flashbacks on the commitment of Colonel Robert Shaw a union officer who was assassinated during the battalion of the black soldiers during the time of the civil war. Altering from the historical ancient and modern analysis, the poet is depicted lamenting that the heroic nature in the Contemporary America has been eroded. The contemplation

Mrs. Dalloway, By Virginia Woolf - 1498 Words

During World War One, many societal norms were disrupted and thrown aside. Everything was displaced, including gender roles.With people dying in trenches everyday, a woman’s place in the kitchen became a secondary concern. World War One was a time of progressive change–however, this change was only temporary. Both One of Ours, written by Willa Cather, and Mrs. Dalloway, written by Virginia Woolf, take place during this era. Despite being set during a time of supposed progress for women’s rights, the roles that women are expected to fulfill in these texts are still oppressive.Examining these novels, it becomes apparent that the roles of women did not change as a result of the war. In fact, Enid, in One of Ours, and Mrs. Dalloway, in Mrs.†¦show more content†¦The men returned home and soon returned to their original jobs. Marsha Gordon further writes, â€Å"Once again using the ploys of patriotism, women were expected to return to pre-war standards for wo men’s labour without questioning the patriarchal ideology behind this assumption† (85). The progress of women’s rights ended abruptly when the soldiers came back to resume their old lives. Progressively, the main thing to come out of World War One for women was the passing of the 19th Amendment in 1920, three years after World War One (Hughes, 1). It wasn’t until World War Two that women s roles truly became redefined. In the novel One of Ours, Enid Wheeler is a headstrong and determined character, going against women s traditional roles during the early 1900s. Early on in One of Ours, Enid shows that she does not uphold the traditional values forced on many women. For instance, when a thunderstorm appears while Enid and Claude are driving, Claude stops, wanting to wait out the storm. Enid takes the driver’s seat from Claude and maneuvers them through the storm (111-114). Enid is not afraid to step up and assume a position of authority. Critic Ryan M., writer of â€Å"No Woman’s Land: Gender in Willa Cather’s One of Ours,† writes that â€Å"Enid assumes the active male role, intruding herself into his sickroom, courting him with flowers, beating him at chess†(page ?). By actively seeking Claude out, whether as a friend or for romantic interest, Enid isShow MoreRelatedMrs. Dalloway By Virginia Woolf1443 Words   |  6 PagesMrs. Dalloway by Virginia Woolf examine s the lives of a group of socialites in post World War I England. Clarissa Dalloway spent her life suffering from anxiety but was devoted to hiding it from the world. Septimus struggled with shell shock, or post-traumatic stress disorder, that no one could help him with. These people were not only characters in Virginia Woolf’s story, but also a representation of what had been going on in Woolf’s life. She used her own struggle with mental illness as inspirationRead MoreMrs. Dalloway, by Virginia Woolf1696 Words   |  7 PagesIn the novel Mrs. Dalloway, by Virginia Woolf, the author uses narrative techniques of stream of consciousness and interior monologue in order to depict the workings of an â€Å"ordinary† or normal mind in narrative form. She also rejects the conventional structure of ‘chapters’ in order to give an â€Å"ordinary† portrayal of the mind. This essay will firstly contextualise the extract for analysis, namely the opening scene in the novel. This will be followed by defining the narrative techniques that is depictedRead MoreMrs. Dalloway by Virginia Woolf 1495 Words   |  6 PagesThe psychological effect the city environment has on both, the characters and authors, can be seen in Virginia Woolf’s Mrs Dalloway and T.S.Elliot’s the wasteland. The lack of unity of Elliot’s text has lead critics to feel the writing is far too fragmented: My nerves are bad to-night. Yes, bad. Stay with me. Speak to me. Why do you never speak? Speak. What are you thinking of? What thinking? What. I never know what you are thinking. Think. (TWL: 110) However, as Gareth Reeves suggests in theRead MoreMrs. Dalloway by Virginia Woolf981 Words   |  4 Pagestimes are set in unison to each other, as time is always relative to an observer. But what happens when the times of the external and internal differ? In the novel Mrs. Dalloway by Virginia Woolf, Woolf begins to explore this question through her unique writing style of free indirect discourse to travel forward and back in time, as Woolf narrates freely through the thoughts and memories of each character. With each half-hour and hourly strike of Big Ben in the heart of London, the clock serves asRead MoreMrs. Dalloway, By Virginia Woolf1507 Words   |  7 Pages Both One of Ours, written by Willa Cather, and Mrs. Dalloway, written by Virginia Woolf, take place around World War One. Despite taking place around World War One, a time associated with progress, there is not a stark contrast in the roles that women were expected to fulfill. Examining these novels, it becomes app arent that the roles of women did not change as a result of the war. In fact, Enid, in One of Ours, and Mrs. Dalloway, in Mrs. Dalloway, exist in an unchanged, oppressive society despiteRead MoreMrs. Dalloway By Virginia Woolf751 Words   |  4 PagesMrs.Dalloway, written by Virginia Woolf in 1925 is about a day in the life of Clarissa Dalloway as she gets ready to host a party that evening. Mrs.Dalloway is a stream of consciousness story and the readers get a chance to know not only Clarissa’s though but also other character that have very different lifestyles and social/economic status from Clarissa. The story closely tracks Clarissa, Septimus Warren Smith, Peter Walsh, Miss Kilman and a few other characters. Throughout the day the differentRead MoreMrs. Dalloway By Virginia Woolf1322 Words   |  6 PagesIn the book Mrs. Dalloway, by Virginia Woolf, it is evident that the main character, Clarissa Dalloway, double persona is Septimus Smith. While Clarissa proves to be more rational, Septimus is irrational. Clarissa shows optimism with her life and finding her true identity while Septimus is someone who experiencing insanity and madness. Although she never meets him and their lives are vastly different, the two characters actually mirror each other. Clarissa and Septimus share many characteristicsRead MoreVirginia Woolf s Mrs. Dalloway1234 Words   |  5 PagesVirginia Woolf’s renowned novel, Mrs. Dalloway, published in 1925, is a major literary achievement because of the narrative style in which Woolf rejects the traditional structures of Victorian fiction for the more progressive Modernist era. The entire novel spans one day in a post-First World War England. In Mrs. Dalloway, the reality of the novel is constructed through the minds of the characters rather than the conventional patriarchal â€Å"I.† Woolf replaces the single master perspective with an inclusiveRead MoreDepression In Mrs. Dalloway, By Virginia Woolf1539 Words   |  7 PagesIn â€Å"Mrs. Dalloway,† Virginia Woolf highlights different experiences of everyday suffering after World War I. Septimus Smith, a veteran of World War I, loses his identity during his tour. Clarissa Dalloway and Lucrezia Warren Smith are both suffering as a result of society’s expectations; they both lose their individuality and succumb to their husbands. Many people did not know how to cope with the change of perspective after the war; some people tried different forms of treatment, while others choseRead MoreAnalysis Of Mrs. Dalloway By Virginia Woolf1279 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Beautiful, complex, incisive†¦. One of the most moving, revolutionary artworks of the twentieth century† (Michael Cunningham) Mrs. Dalloway, by Virginia Woolf is not only a book that entertains millions, like Stephanie Meyer’s Twilight, J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone, or E. L. James’s Fifty Shades of Grey, bu t it is a work of literature that revolutionized the art of writing, which continues to influence people’s philosophies, beliefs, and views on life— even roughly after

Essay on Facebook Profile Of Facebook Twitter Essay Example For Students

Essay on Facebook Profile Of Facebook Twitter Essay Instagram was founded in 2010 by Kevin Systrom. Kevin was born in 1983 in Holliston, Massachusetts. In 2006, he received a bachelor’s degree in management science and engineering from the University of Stanford. After graduating, he joined Google as â€Å"an associate product marketing manager. He spent two years at Google before leaving to join Nextstop. During his time at Nextstop, he made a prototype called Burbn and pitched it to Baseline Ventures and Andreessen Horowitz. They loved the idea, and as a result; he received $500,000 to build Burbn. However, he identified that Burbn contained too many features and decided to focus on one specific feature, photo sharing. This development led to the creation of Instagram. Instagram is a mobile app that allows users to share their photos and videos. In addition, the app offers users an ability to customize the image using a variety of filters. The purpose of the filters is to turn a mobile photo into an artistic-looking image. The name was derived from the combination of â€Å"instant camera† and telegram. According to an article published by Mikaela Rakos, Instagram started with â€Å"one million monthly users† (Rakos 2014). In April of 2012, the company reached 30 million users. As a result, Facebook noticed Instagram’s growth and bought the app for one billion dollars (on April 9, 2012). From that point on, the usage of Instagram has gone up exponentially, reaching â€Å"80 million monthly users and nearly doubled that to 150 million by the end of 2013† (Rakos 2014). Instagram’s growth is largely due to the Facebook purchase. The company was listed in Time Magazine as â€Å"one of the top 50 apps for Android† and a report by Global Web index found that Instagram was the fastest growing social netwo. . in the app; instead treat it as a way of sharing your experiences through photos. This is far more interesting than posting selfies of you. The second problem deals with the photo sizing. As mentioned above, the formatting for photos on Instagram are square 612612 pixels. Many times, the image looks small. However, there are ways to work around this. Other apps, like InstaFrame, offer a way to frame photos and share them on Instagram. This allows users to show the full image on Instagram (instead of cropping it and losing some of the image). In addition, the app offers a wide variety of frames. Giving the smartphone photographers another way to be creative. Overall, Instagram is fairly simple to learn, offers an effective privacy option, provides a variety of filters and is used by millions of users. This makes the app a must for consumers and businesses alike.

Challenges in the Security and Privacy in the IoT Domain - Samples

Question: Discuss about the Challenges in the Security and Privacy in the IoT Domain. Answer: The primary purpose of the report is to discuss about a brief of the various challenges related to the security and confidentiality in the Internet of Things (IoT). The IoT has been influencing various organizations as it has the potential to change the lives of the people and the various processes in the business systems. With the rapid growth in the number of devices that are connecting with the help of Internet, they have also presented a number of challenges to the security of the IoT systems. The IoT systems have to recognize the security standards of the devices that are connected with the environment and thus develop standards and policies, which can form a secure and standard platform. The sensors that are present in the network framework of IoT generally lack the basic competencies, which are required in order to encrypt and decrypt the vital data. Since the process of encryption is a bit low, hence the sensors are sometimes unable to transfer the data in a real time environment with the help of the process of direct encryption. As a result of a low standard of data encryption, many of the IoT devices are sometimes susceptible to side-channel attacks. For example, an attack due to a power analysis could be used to reverse the performance of an algorithm. This would directly exploit the loopholes in the algorithm. This report focusses on the limited capabilities of encryption technology within the systems of IoT and thus discuss various networks and firewall systems, which should be used in order to prevent the IoT systems against such attacks. Bibliography Bertino, E., 2016, March. Data Security and Privacy in the IoT. InEDBT(Vol. 2016, pp. 1-3). Sicari, S., Rizzardi, A., Grieco, L.A. and Coen-Porisini, A., 2015. Security, privacy and trust in Internet of Things: The road ahead.Computer networks,76, pp.146-164.

Nikki Haley - United Nations Address on North Korea free essay sample

subcultural thoery essays

subcultural thoery essays Examine the similarities and differences between subcultural theory and strain theory as explanations for deviant behaviour? Sociologists have tried to explain the reasons for deviant behaviour by using subcultural theories and strain theory. Subcultural theories are based upon the distinctive norms and values shared by a group within society and how these can lead to deviant behaviour. Strain theory is based on the contrast between an individuals aspirations and expectations with what they can realistically achieve. These theories have been adapted by sociologists to create a clearer view of crime and deviance within society. Functionalists such as Durkheim, describe crime and deviance as an integral part of all healthy societies. His theory explained that a limited amount of crime is necessary and beneficial to society and that it performed a crucial function for society, although too much crime would be dysfunctional. Robert Merton used Durkheims concept of anomie, as he provided social reason for crime and deviance. But Merton thought it was too vague in its original form. It did not offer any real explanation as to why certain people are more likely to commit crimes than others and concentrated on the relationship between deviance and order in society. Merton focused on the obsession of the American Dream where anyone can achieve the best and success is shown in wealth. He explained that materialism in America was taken to such an extreme within the value consensus that it caused a state of anomie. He found a strain between what people want, (goal) and how they attain their goal, (means). This ex planation is structural, as Merton locates the cause of deviance in the nature of American society, rather than any defects from the individual. Deviance occurs when individuals reject the goal of success or legitimate means of reaching that goal. Merton identified five possible responses ...

Organismic Responses to Climate Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Organismic Responses to Climate Change - Essay Example n corals are highly affected by the impacts and effects that result from high sea temperatures and the increased acidification that may affect the ocean waters as an effect of the climate change. These corals therefore experience bleaching and contract diseases, which in most cases often lead to their death (Parmesan, Camille, Michael, Carlos, Elvira, Anthony, David, and Michael, 2013, p 59). The Ringed Seal face challenges f reproduction because of climate change. This is due to the melting of the ice blocks that are their habitats and their breeding paces. This particular effect of climate change is majorly experienced in the Arctic region environment (Doney, Scott , Mary, Emmett, James, Francis, Chad, Heather et al, 2012, p 21). The leatherback turtle are also highly affected by the increased sand temperatures that distorts the egg incubation period hence leading to a lower male population being hatched. Moreover, their natural habitat where the turtles nest on the beaches is washed away due to the increase and rise in the seal levels, high and increased ocean and air temperatures (Parmesan, Camille, Michael, Carlos, Elvira, Anthony, David, and Michael, 2013, p 60). Emperor penguins are highly affected by the rise in the sea temperatures and melting ice blocks. It therefore makes it difficult for them to get food and disrupts their breeding patterns. It therefore can contribute to their gradual extinction environment (Doney, Scott , Mary, Emmett, James, Francis, Chad, Heather et al, 2012, p 25). Quiver Trees are highly affected by the extreme drought incidents, which majorly affects the equator parts where they are distributed. There population is gradually decreasing. These species of plants therefore becomes a representation of plants and other vegetation that struggle to keep up with the accelerated effects of climate change (Parmesan, Camille, Michael, Carlos, Elvira, Anthony, David, and Michael, 2013, p 60). The habitats of Clownfish, which are coral

Perfume Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Perfume - Essay Example ty and fantasy into one credible and believable tale, especially when the book has been originally published during a period dominated by rational thinking and the Enlightenment. In Perfume’s Grenouille, a character is created who is repulsive and ugly but that he had an uncanny skill to recognize beauty more than most. The characterization is very realistic, with Suskind painstakingly depicting the period and setting including the norms, prevailing philosophies, and so forth, making his fantastic claim about Grenouille’s uncanny olfactory ability believable. Grenouille’s apprenticeship, for instance, demonstrated the fidelity by which the author described the commercial system in France during the period. Then, there was the information about the odor of a female virgin as one with potential to capture the very smell of desirability. Another case in point is the scrutiny on Grenouille in the eyes of the pseudo-scientist Marquis de la Taillade-Espinasse, who opined that the poor man’s spotted and scarred body is caused by the corruptive effects of gases on the body (141). The notion was of course silly, but that given how ugly Gre nouille’s body looked, such depiction, in some perverse way, seem to actually make sense. Together, these information demonstrated the interplay of what is realistic and what is fictitious and that it is strong enough for Suskind to suggest a certain man without any odor whatsoever, and his readers certainly believed it is the most natural thing in the world. All in all, such device was employed in order to effectively present Perfume is about fairness – meting out punishment for bad deeds committed. It is actually a classically structured horror literature in the tradition of crime genre, glossed over by employing a unique narrative approach. Grenouille committed his killing spree and in the end, the very reason for his murders was what caused his destruction as well – poetic justice. But if one paid closer attention,

Dream Act and Illegal immigrant childrens citizenship Essay

Dream Act and Illegal immigrant childrens citizenship - Essay Example It is immigration reform bill that offers over 12 million illegal immigrants to become legalized U.S. citizen, in addition to heightened security on Mexico border, and introducing guest worker program to assist employers in working out low paying jobs. Despite the fact that, it is costly legislation, has direct negative impact on already worse employment market, challenge for balancing budget on not only state but also federal level, additional tax burden on Americans, work as invitation for future illegal immigrants, and threat to not only immigration law but to the rights of law abiding legalized U.S. citizens. It is immoral and unethical approach of illegal immigrant who seek U.S citizenship for themselves or their children born or grew up here, as its basic purpose was to protect slave children not illegal immigrant's children. The Dream Act President Obama with liberal Democratic Party leadership is determined to pass the Dream Act which will grant amnesty to millions of illegal immigrants (King, 2010).U.S. Senate blocked â€Å"the Dream Act† this December, the bill, if passed, would have allowed young children of illegal immigrants to attain a legalized citizenship of United States of America. These illegal immigrants came to America as children but their criminal record and other requirements are clear. Moreover, they have completed two years of military service or college education in America. The bill could not gather the support of required 60 senators to cross the filibuster which delayed it for one year with an uncertain future (Herszenhorn, 2010). Fundamental objections The implemented version of 14th Amendment’s interpretation encourages other nation’s citizens to enter United States jurisdiction and give birth. The legalized children access social services and support their parents to beco me legalized. Presence of legal immigrant as immediate relative shortens the otherwise lengthy process of immigration (Rau, 2010). Its results can be far-reaching as we can infer it from Pew Hispanic Centre’s study (qtd. in Rau,2010) which reports about 340,000 births to illegal immigrants in United States only in 2008.In most of the cases, parents were residing in America form one year or more. It is unethical rather criminal as Lillpop refers it, to use infants or â€Å"anchor babies† to avoid deportation or other punishment, such as, jailing. Moreover, it is immoral manipulation and use of not only newborns but U.S. constitution for illegal immigrants’ personal interest. It offers short cut to legalization and unjust for those who go through a longer process for attaining United States citizenship in a legal way. A common justification is the humanistic stance that wants to keep the families united. It is suspicious and needs reconsideration because illegal i mmigrant initially left their families in their homeland just to reside illegally on American land. Moreover, a criminal cannot be judged upon on the basis of whether he has a family or not. Illegal immigrants are not less of criminals because they invade another nation’s soil without their legal permission. Dream Act permits illegal immigrants to feed on law abiding taxpayers’ money for their law breaking act. Opponents attributed the Dream Act to be too broad in its interpretation and it would lead to give amnesty to illegal immigrants (Herszenhorn, 2010). Senator Jeff Sessions of Alabama (qtd. in Herszenhorn, 2010) accuse Democrats of not only tolerating lawlessness but certain policies encourage it, he led the Dream Act’s opposition in Senate and highlighted the lack of efforts in improving the situation at borders to inhibit

The Graduate Gilm Analysis

The Graduate Gilm Analysis The phrase New Hollywood originally achieved extensive use to express a new wave of films and young film directors that emerged between the mid-to-late 1960s to the mid-to-late 1970s; a phenomenon more frequently regarded as the Hollywood Renaissance. Amongst these young directors included Mike Nichols whose massive box office hit The Graduate (1967), became one of the momentous, landmark films of the period, and helped to put in motion an innovative modern epoch of film production. Freshness and originality (traceable to the French New Wave) within an embedded framework of classical Hollywood style could be the most fitting way to typify the formal structure of The Graduate. Having emerged from the post studio era of production, a period when Hollywood was producing a high number of successful cutting edge films, The Graduate follows popular trends by setting out to offer a probing depiction of American society. Through its mixture of old and new Hollywood stylistic conventions, The Graduate realistically captures the 1960s culture of youthful alienation, disillusionment, opposition to the status quo and middle class values, and the growing cynicism of a younger generation against the older generation. An array of industrial factors was significant to both the emergence of young directors like Mike Nichols and the changing content in films of the Hollywood Renaissance. The decline of vertically integrated companies together with a large decrease in cinema attendances, contributed towards the ending of the studio system of production, and opened the gateways for a thematically different style of film-making. Consequently, individual packages were assembled: a format that gave directors like Nichols more authority, money and freedom to stamp their authority on film projects. Due to these rapid modifications in industrial factors, American values were also being challenged. The success of sexually explicit films like The Man with the Golden Arm, led to an adjustment of the production code. With barriers falling, Nichols was allowed to portray adultery, affairs and near nudity in The Graduate. Films no longer had to strictly target the family audience. Hence, Nichols pushed the limits, pushing the restrictions of both stylistic medium, and of taste. The idea of an older married woman (Mrs Robinson played by Anne Bancroft) eagerly seducing a young college graduate almost half her age (Benjamin Braddock played by Dustin Hoffman) was deemed controversial by many older audiences at the time, yet proved very effectual in targeting youth audiences. The film was thought of as bringing something new to Hollywood. However, although The Graduate has been bracketed as a product of New Hollywood, it is important to note that most of its scenes adhere to the classical style of editing, mainly because continuity editing and conventional form was a proven successful formula in Hollywood cinema; it remained ideal for constructing narratives that were visually uncomplicated to follow. The opening scene of The Graduate is principally constrained by the rules of classical Hollywood style for reasons like this, and so that audiences are presented with a rational believable world. The film begins with a close-up of Benjamin Braddocks face the white background focuses attention on his steely motionless gaze. The composition of this shot accentuates his look of disillusionment to the audience. It seems he is isolated, but the camera steadily zooms out, revealing him to be on an aeroplane packed with passengers. By filming his muted bodily movement on the automatic walkway in one slow extended take, the sen se of Benjamins isolation is heightened; Nichols is of course shaping up a narrative to reflect the disillusionment of the youth culture of his day, and as we learn later, Benjamins future reservations. Together with the popular non-diegetic soundtrack Sound of Silence, Benjamins mood is perfectly encapsulated within the opening credits. Since the lyrics of Sounds of Silence coincide with Benjamins behaviour, it almost becomes a second language for the film. The song, produced by the folk music duo Simon and Garfunkel, became an instant hit with the youth culture of the 1960s; it reached number one on New Years day (1966). In the opening, it matches well with the slow pace and continuity of the scene; the solemn edge and dim emotional colouring of the track underline the psychological difficulties Benjamin is experiencing. It is only when the shot of Benjamin exiting the airport dissolves to a shot of him expressing his qualms about future aspirations, that the viewers are able to distinguish the basis of his psychological commotion. By presenting a traditional older community who dont understand Benjamins troubles, the viewers build compassion towards Benjamin. In this second close up of his face, Benjamin conveys a slight look of apprehension as he tries to explain to his father (Mr. Braddock played by William Daniels) of his need to be different. However, Benjamins worries about his future are seemingly ignored. His father seems more concerned about keeping up appearances and persuading his son to attend to the guests of the home-coming party. This scene draws directly to the 1960s culture of youthful isolation, because like several young individuals of his generation, Benjamin emerged from the safe haven of the college lifestyle, only to feel confounded and highly indecisive about his future career. His parents, however, highlight their self-absorbed intentions by coaxing him downstairs as opposed to understanding his predicament; the party just seems like a reason for them to parade their material possession s to their friends. Hence, young people loved the movie because it highlighted their anxieties, and in the process it put down parents as self-obsessed immoral clods who only saw life through the narrow lens of class structure and wealth. Another technique used to represent the oblivious older generation is when the middle-aged guests of the home-coming party find themselves communicating in third person about Benjamin, even whilst he is positioned quite close to them. Combined with their invasive ways (almost pressuring Benjamin into an answer about his future), none of them truly comprehend Benjamins desires. In looking troubled and hesitant about future goals, Benjamin appears to be resisting the quintessence of the supposed American dream a complete American education, followed by a lucrative career. Like young people of his time, he is finding it difficult to come to terms with the institutionalised adult working life awaiting him. During the party Benjamin is constantly surrounded by a swarm of older people who want to praise his academic achievements or question him about his future; this only further adds to his claustrophobic mindset. Even after escaping the middle-aged crowd to refuge of his bedroom, he is interrupted by Mrs Robinson and feels trapped once more. Within the same shot that Mrs Robinson is being framed in the doorway, Ben is also framed within the world of his fish tank another symbol of imprisonment that is repeated several times throughout the film. Indeed Benjamin is like a fish himself shy, introvert and feeling alone in an ocean of emptiness. The classical editing in the opening of the film attains a smooth and faultless style of narration, allowing the viewer to effortlessly track the direction of the narrative; the viewers can feel the tension created when Benjamins inner conflicts are crossed with a non-understanding older generation. Further continuity editing is used to uphold clear narrative action (a feature of several successful films of the Hollywood Renaissance) as well as build up the moments leading up to the bedroom scene, in which Mrs Robinson will attempt to seduce Benjamin. In an establishing long shot of Mrs Robinsons house, Benjamin is persuaded to accompany Mrs Robinson inside. As Benjamin enters, he is surrounded by a porch made of all glass, making the environment outside entirely noticeable. The huge trees and thick green bushes outside, give the appearance of a tropical jungle; this could be a metaphor to illustrate Mrs Robinsons pursuit of Benjamin. Also, in one of the most infamous frames within a frame shot where Benjamin is framed perfectly under Mrs Robinsons leg, Mrs Robinson again takes on the more dominant position between them; she takes up the role of a predator whilst he becomes the young vulnerable prey. These portrayals of a sexually aggressive woman perhaps symbolises how easily t he older generation and society can lead a fretful, alienated individual astray if he or she deviates from forming a meaningful purpose towards life. Benjamin, who is already feeling lost, is caught off guard and becomes easy pickings for Mrs Robinson to take advantage. From an industrial perspective, Mrs Robinsons pursuit of Benjamin is important in establishing her constructed gender role; she is neither a liberated woman (who will leave her husband and pursue her romantic desires) nor a conformist faithful suburban housewife. During the 1960s, women roles were shifting from 1950s image of subservient housewives, to a more rebellious independent role. However, Mrs Robinson plays both the unhappy suburban housewife as well an explicitly sexual woman chasing an affair. She is shown as asserting her authority and sexual prowess over Benjamin, yet is still bound by her sex and relations with men; her representation is a result of the film industrys incapability to cut free from the conventional portrays of women so prevalent throughout the history of early Hollywood cinema. Julia Anderson states, Most viewers were not interested in watching, and Hollywood was not interested in funding a determined woman as a popular female lead. Thus, Mrs Robinson is a gripping protagonist one of the most renowned in Hollywood, in fact, but when her character is measured in terms of gender depiction, it is plain to see she is not gripping because of her accomplishments, but because of her villain like role. And her whole story circulates around her relationships with a member of the opposite sex; as a result she remains a female character that is defined by her association with a man, instead of her own defiant or heroic actions. The extent of Mrs Robinsons overwhelming sexual needs bears resemblance to the dissatisfied, sexually frustrated housewife described by Betty Friedan in her Feminine mystique (1963). Although Mrs Robinson had been forced into marriage as a result of becoming pregnant, she is put in a hopeless position to escape the marriage, possibly since she has become financially dependant on her husband. In having conformed to the archetypal housewife role rather than pursuing a professional career, it could be argued that she has become consumed by the feminine mystique; a lifestyle which regardless of true love keeps women, in many cases, interested due to the wealth of material possessions and money they receive. In Mrs Robinsons case, the combination of a loveless relationship and dreary housewife commitments makes her more subject to an increased sexual appetite. Thus, Mrs Robinson only engages in the affair to use Benjamin as defence mechanism to bring herself out of her miserable existence within marriage. The cinematography techniques used to capture Mrs Robinsons growing sexual desires for Benjamin, are examples of a move away from classical Hollywood style; the lightning fast cuts and other disorientating effects in the bedroom scene create the feeling of restiveness, impatience and a great sense of sexual hunger on Mrs Robinsons part. One of the reasons in using discontinuity techniques was because it was a major component for films deserving to be categorised as part of a new wave or renaissance. In this case it is effectively used to represent the turning point in the film; not only does it highlight Mrs Robinsons sexual urges, but the high-speed editing simultaneously reflects the growing tension and awkwardness on Benjamins part. This time he is framed over Mrs Robinsons shoulder and it is clear to detect his uncomfortable reactions when presented by the fully unclothed Mrs Robinson. By applying a slow opening to The Graduate and contrasting it with these bursts of rapid cuts, the visual impact of the seduction is made much greater to the audience; the full force of Mrs Robinsons desire is projected onto the viewer, who up until now has been comfortable experiencing the largely unnoticeable style of editing. Films like The Graduate and others of the Hollywood Renaissance period aimed to move away from directing entire films via strict continuity regimes; they aimed for a newer exciting dimension of stylistic techniques and current gimmicks to reflect characters emotions. The fact that Benjamin is emotionally at a crisis himself, makes the subsequent affair with an older married woman all the more worthless. The whole feeling of worthlessness surrounding the affair between Mrs Robinson and Benjamin is brilliantly captured in the musically backed montage, a segment that uses rapid editing and special effects a more direct use of discontinuity style thought to have been borrowed from the films of the French New Wave (La Nouvelle Vague). During the montage, one scene is edited so that it appears Benjamin is drifting between his parents house to the hotel room he shares with Mrs Robinson. Afterwards, in a disorientating match-cut, Benjamin is shown climbing up onto his home swimming pool raft and landing on top of Mrs Robinson in the hotel bed they share perhaps another symbol to symbolise Benjamins downward spiral in life, and his plunge to new lows by partaking in the affair. Within the several jarring cuts that show Benjamin walking back and forth into these separate spheres, the non-diegetic soundtracks Sound of Silence followed and April Come She Will play in the background; in illust rating compressed narrative information within the montage, the sequences of events highlights their loveless affair, and demonstrates how Benjamin is submitting himself to Mrs Robinson in order to block out the purposelessness and bleakness of his life over the summer. Nichols purposefully contradicts continuity here to stamp his mark on the film; in borrowing successful elements of the French New Wave, he is able to add that major ingredient of innovation so important to films in and around his period, and use it portray the feeling of youth disillusionment manifest in his society. It could be also argued that the increased discontinuity techniques in the musically backed montage have a more political purpose rather than merely reflecting character moods. By having a more jarring sporadic style of editing, viewers becomes more alert to messages in the film, and start to question dominant ideologies in society. In this case, Benjamins refusal in submitting to neither the plastics world of the older generation or any other city profession shows his rejection of the status quo and middle class ideals; a similar rejection shown by the youth rebellion of the 1960s. More concern in emphasised on Benjamins need to belong and find his identity as opposed to following the traditional way of American life fulfilling his education and entering a commercial, corporate based occupation. Through Benjamins almost robotic, strained replies to his father questions, he is resisting the standardised American way of living in hopes to search for a more fulfilling existence. Thus, his feelings of aimlessness directly reflect the youth generation of the time who equally drifted for prolonged periods of time whilst trying to determine an aim in life. Benjamins feelings of discontent are justifiable because as Friedan would argue, many young men who willingly conformed to corporate life in the late 1960s realised that the purposelessness of their work kept them from feeling like men. For reasons like these, Benjamin refrains from following the old-fashioned way of living that his parents have occupied. Instead he enters a passionless affair and drifts around at his parents pool as a form of escapism. Pushing narrative boundaries and including illicit representations of sex in the affair between Benjamin and Mrs Robinson were thoughtfully calculated by the film to target the 1960s American youth rebellion culture. In an era when the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) no longer had the final contribution in the films story, Nichols was free of most strict censorships. This allowed him to openly forefront facets of the youthful counterculture; in doing so The Graduate targeted younger audiences (the major cinema ticket consumers in the late 1960s). Since younger people preferred films that dealt more explicitly with sex, Nichols audience targeting strategy proved very cost effective and ticket sales rocketed with the film earning a box office gross of $105m. Large amounts of that gross total were down to Nichols innovative film techniques which pushed home the feelings of the youth counterculture uncertainty, fear, and a general lack of direction in life. Another reason for Nichols to offer the clear rejection of classical unambiguous cinematic form (evident in the scenes previously mentioned) was because many film directors who employed such techniques in various scenes of their films were held up in admiration at the time, whilst Hollywood films restricted by conventional narrative flow were condemned. Films like Easy Rider and Bonnie and Clyde were largely greeted with huge success for their innovative trendy stylistic approach. Described as a period of great artistic achievement based on new freedom and widespread experimentation, these new formal styles became very profitable for selling huge box office hits, and helped cement the Hollywood Renaissance a golden age in Hollywood history. Moreover, by using new off the wall techniques, Nichols perhaps shows his desire to be held in the same admiration of previously successful forward thinking directors like Alfred Hitchcock, Charlie Chapin and Howard Hawks, who were much-admired for their high film art, and auteur status. Considering the new found freedom that directors of the Hollywood Renaissance had, the films of the period have been mostly understood in terms of the efforts of the artistic auteur. Hence, Nichols too has been regarded as a filmmaker creating his own personal style of directing. For example The scene which celebrates Benjamins 21st birthday is important in establishing the psychological burdens Benjamin is suffering; a mindset which mirrors the youth alienation and counterculture of the 1960s. Through avant-garde techniques, Nichols positions the viewers in Benjamins viewpoint (looking out of a scuba diving mask), and forces them to experience Benjamins feelings of entrapment as he makes his uncomfortable transition from a boy to a mature man. Benjamins visions reveal a blurry image of his parents faces; this together with muted sounds of the middle-aged crowd could be representative of Benjamin being too caught up in his own thoughts to acknowledge anything, particularly the overbearing views of the older generation he wants to block out. As well as moving lethargically towards the pool and finally sinking to the bottom of it, this scene cements the foundation for his growing rebellion towards his elders. Like the youth alienated society of the day, Benjamin prefers to blank out the real world. Before he decides to emerge in front of the birthday guests in his scuba diving outfit, Benjamins replies to his father are packed by unusually high pitched bleats of apprehension: dad can we please talk about this for a second. The anxiety that punctuates Benjamins line deliveries accentuates his uptight frame of mind, and becomes a point of resistance against his parents. Not only does this add to the comedic element of the film, but by presenting comedy in its blackest sort, these instances positions the viewer to ridicule American materialistic values the need to flaunt material wealth as a means of maintaining class hierarchies. The fact that Benjamins father feels the need to highlight the price of the scuba diving mask to the birthday guest only further affirms this. As Benjamin moves sluggishly towards the pool, it is interesting to note the parallels of Nicholass point of view shots with Alfred Hitchcocks; they both create a similar feeling of discomfort in the viewer. Like Hitchcock, Nichols too questions the root of regular human behaviours by aligning the viewer to the protagonists dissenting action through point of view. The increased volume of Benjamins breathing appears to be a sound which transcends from realism to expressionism and it fits in well with Benjamins troubled mood. In this way viewer feels they are partaking in scopophilic and often pervasive acts, sharing a strong bond with Benjamin. As continuity editing paints a more naturalistic ordered world, these avant-garde techniques can be viewed as mirroring the disordered society of the 1960s- youthful alienation and rebellion to middle class norms. Moreover, Benjamins behaviour and strained replies to his father are significant in establishing Benjamins identity crisis; an issue which reflects the gender crisis of the 1960s. During the 1960s, new notions about masculinity were starting to surface; the counterculture sought to change the traditional one dimensional understanding of man. In contexts to Benjamins world, he encounters the suburban middle-class ideas of the older generation and their traditional understanding of manhood a well rounded education, followed by a future in plastics. However, by rejecting this lifestyle in hopes to seek his true identity, Benjamin models himself on the modern image of the American male one who has a greater vision as opposed to conforming to the rather straightforward life presented to him by his father one that he is readily expected to lead. Just like in The Graduate, the older generation of Nichols time did not recognize that the gender roles for men were changing; it was only due to the growing counterculture asserting new attitudes towards gender that finally produced a young politicised generation who were on the lookout for their true individuality. The film thus mocks the traditional views of the older generation, particularly the materialistic wealth and snobbery that Benjamins father constantly parades to his friends. In addition to the changing gender roles of the 1960s, Dustin Hoffmans projection of a wholly different type of masculinity in The Graduate could be down to industrial factors. In a period when the industry was in flux, older notions of star power as highly desired commodities were concurrently on the decline; the rebirth of Hollywood cinema in the mid-to-late 1960s provided room for new stars to be born. This allowed Nichols to move away from portraying the traditional male hero one who was physically imposing, clearly motivated by an aim, and a man of more action rather than words. Nichols, on the contrary, presents the viewer with a male hero (Benjamin) who is small, introvert, awkward, indecisive, and feels lost throughout the film. As The Graduate was entering Hollywood cinema at a time where films were projecting high innovation, it could be argued that Nichols opts to go for something new in his characters to represent this trend. In the process he undermines classical narrat ive convention by portraying a male hero who has no clear motivations. Therefore as well as reflecting the changing gender dynamics of the period, Nichols gives rise to a new kind of star impersonation in his male hero. Moreover, Katharine Rosss character Elaine (the daughter of Mrs Robinson and Benjamins true love) also reflects the changing gender attitudes of the 1960s. At a time when the womens movement was gathering in strength, so the depiction of women in Hollywood cinema was also shifting. By ultimately rejecting the prospect of a mundane marriage and suburban lifestyle, Elaine liberates herself from the lifestyle forced on her by her parents; she shows herself to be capable of making decisions about her future. However, in choosing to marry Benjamin, Elaines representation reflects how marriage was still deemed imperative to the fulfilment of femininity in the 1960s. Nonetheless, the educated Elaine thinks independently, and like Benjamin, she chooses to abandon the older generational norms in favour for her self-fulfilment and romantic desires. The institution she attends for her college education (Berkeley) is also an important place for constructing her forward thinking mentality since i t was the centre of radical movements including class, gender and politics. By ending the film with Elaines romantic escape, the film stays also stays in touch with the 1967s year of proclaimed summer of love. Even though there is a slight change in the gender roles for the female protagonists, the women in The Graduate still conform to ingrained patriarchal norms, thus making the film a product of its time. The 1960s was a period where the second wave of feminism was gaining momentum, however in the face of these changes, inequality between the sexes remained; accordingly, the Hollywood industry only made minor adaptations in female character roles to reflect this. Benjamins mother and Mrs Robinson still inhabit a feminine role, acting as subservient counterparts to their working husbands, and although Elaine is an educated woman, her part in the story is mainly as a foil to Benjamins quest for identity. Moreover, in the shots of Mrs Robinsons legs and semi naked body, she can be viewed as what Laura Mulvey would state, an object of the male gaze. The leopard print coat which Mrs Robinson wears on her first meeting with Benjamin at the hotel is an important animal motif representative of her sexually predatory nature; she adheres to the voyeuristic erotic pleasures of the male audience. Although it can be argued Mrs Robinson is an assertive sexual subject in her own right, the counter argument would assert that she merely upholds sexual power over a physically petite, self-conscious, unconfident young man one whos young enough to be her son. In casting two aesthetically attractive women protagonists in Mrs Robinson and Elaine, The Graduate becomes another film of its time which fulfils the neurotic needs of the male ego Furthermore, the affair between Mrs Robinson and Benjamin is mainly a manifestation of an old fashioned male fantasy having a sexual affair with an older married woman. From this viewpoint, The Graduate places constraints on its radicalism and rather offers a constructed form of narrative experimentation in order to attract widespread audiences. By depicting this male fantasy, the film once again lives up to patriarchal norms. Due to the patriarchal norms of the time, The Graduate also keeps in conventional Hollywood custom by naturally focusing on a male protagonist in the narrative. The entire film revolves around Benjamin and, in typical fashion, the focus remains on his character development, identity struggle (making the adjustment from youth to adulthood), and the sexual relationships he gets caught up in. Mrs Robinson and Elaine, who are the key women protagonists in the narrative, are only defined in their sexual relationships with Benjamin. This demonstrates the Hollywood industrys tendency to heavily rely on the individuality of a male hero. The major success of The Graduate just became another platform for the industry to persist with notions of a male hero, whilst female characters had constraints on their freedom and remained mostly marginalised. Nonetheless, Elaine does have a good measure of freedom, and it is perhaps this along with her youth which make the psychologically and sexually suppressed Mrs Robinson jealous of her; consequently Mrs Robinson perhaps has an affair with Benjamin to reclaim her lost youth. To her, Benjamin provides the only escape of happiness in an otherwise dreary traditional suburban housewife life with a man she no feelings for. When the audience are made to realise Mrs Robinson and her husband share separate beds, one becomes conscious that they merely live under the false pretence of a happy marriage to keep up appearances in a rigid class structured society. It is aspects like these with which The Graduate is attacking the conformist ideals attached to middle-class values. Due to the dark, biting satire of the film, one cannot help but find the whole situation amusing, especially the dialogue regarding the moments Mr Robinson discovers the affair: in Benjamins defence he says, it didnt mean an ythingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦we might just as well have been shaking handsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦I dont love your life, I love your daughter sir to which Mr Robinson replies, As far as Elaines concerned, you are to get her out of your filthy mindà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦and thats all Ben, youll pardon me if I dont shake hands with you. Benjamins awkward, spontaneous replies are so absurd that one cannot help but laugh. The interchanging comments between them underpin the many comic moments of the film; comedy gives an effective platform to mock the societal values of the traditional American people a direct example of this is when Benjamin, in his lifeless monotone voice replies no sir to Mr Robinsons question about whether Benjamin respects him. The films ability to confine all these serious moral issues into dark humour reflects the growing confidence of filmmakers, and the freedom that allowed them to assemble contentious film projects around multiple genres. Overall, although the period of transition in the Hollywood industry during the fifties and sixties bought much needed freedom to filmmakers, The Graduate still remained an industrial product; the film speaks to a incessant helplessness in the world, and inability to change and to create change for example, when The Graduate does portray action, it is performed by an isolated hero in a particularly antisocial method (going against societal norms and traditions), further establishing that genuine change, collectively carried out, is unattainable. Even though Benjamin and Elaine escape together in a typical happy ending, they do it at the expense of leaving their families behind; after everything, the final shot of them staring blankly into space is an uncomfortable one, especially Benjamin who produces the same look of disillusionment like the one in the opening of the film. Nichols does very well in artistically capturing the themes of the 1960 counterculture; however, in a commerci ally dominated industrial sphere, Nichols is inevitably indebted to stay within the constraints of total freedom of expression because he needs to get the film funded. By using calculated methods of visual experimentation and having a very constructed radical plot, The Graduate ensures economical success and with it, the widespread appreciation of the film from audiences.

Peace On Manor Farm :: Essays Papers

Peace On Manor Farm The animals lived in peace on the Manor Farm. The owner, Mr. Jones, took advantage of them but they did not know any better. Old Major was one pig that had a dream because he knew that they were getting taken advantage of. He tells the other animals of a life without Mr. Jones and how oppressive the humans are. The animals have this in their mind now but do not take any action really until one day when they are not fed. The men that work for Jones do not feed the animals for over a day. Starving, the animals break into the storage shed where food is kept and begin to eat. Mr. Jones and his men try to beat the animals back with whips. The animals become angry at this mistreatment and turn on the men and drive them off the farm. The animals lock the gate to prevent the human's return. They celebrate and gallop around the farm and they build a fire, which they throw the human's tools and possessions into the fire. They then paint out Manor on the farm sign and change it to say Animal Farm. Then on the barn they paint the Seven Commandments of Animalism. Though the whole incident the pigs lead them. The pigs were the most intelligent of all animals. From the beginning of the rebellion there are two pigs that stood out above the rest as leaders. Their names were Napoleon and Snowball. Snowball takes charge in running the farm. Every animal is equal and gets treated equally. Snowball introduces a plan to build a windmill. Napoleon disagrees with Snowball. During one of Snowball's speeches "Napoleon stood up and, casting a peculiar side long look at Snowball, uttered a high-pitched whimper of a kind no one had ever heard him utter before." (Orwell, page 57) Then nine enormous dogs rush into the barn and dashed straight for Snowball. They chased Snowball away. Up until this point the pigs are good and are equal with all the other animals. Napoleon takes control of the farm and things start to change. Napoleon wants absolute power and uses the dogs for his protection and other purposes. He says that Snowball is a traitor.

The Crucible – Performance Review

The Crucible A joint cast from Melbourne High School and Mac. Robertson Girls’ High School were recently involved in a production of Arthur Miller’s The Crucible. The cast, led by Gilbert Stalinsfield as John Proctor and Greta Nash as Elizabeth Proctor, was able to captivate the audience for an the entirety of the performer. Director Anne-Marie Brownhill’s interpretation of the play, while short, allowed for each actor to contribute his or her own ideas to the story without removing the overlying theme of the empowerment provided through lies and playing on people’s fears.Each actor showed a deep understanding of the plot and was able to convey the message about McCarthyism and the symbolism of the witch hunts for the way people were suspected and persecuted in the 50s when McCarthy was most influential. Miller’s work successfully illustrates the parallels between the series of events that occurred in the late 1600s known as the Salem Witch Trials a nd the events that had been occurring during the time that The Crucible was written in the 1950s. The combined cast from Melbourne High School and Mac.Robertson Girls’ High School were incredibly impressive in their demonstration of these issues and the effects that these situations can have. Leading the female cast was Year 11 Alexandria Liistro. A shock choice for the role, Liistro understood her character and was able to portray the vindictive Abigail Williams to perfection. The seduction of John Proctor and lying to the judges appeared to come naturally in this wonderful performance, which employed the technique of realism to enable the character to be understood by the audience.It was hard to find a member of the audience who, after seeing the play, didn’t feel a sense of disgust towards the way Williams had acted throughout the plot. Liistro seemed to play on this disdain shown towards her and her character by not only the audience but also the actors on stage. S he truly showed the manipulative nature of Abigail Williams. The gentle giant James Ness was very cleverly chosen to play Judge Danforth, the deputy governor of Massachusetts that presided over the Salem Witch Trials in this play. Ness’ giant stature and booming voice commanded attention as he delivered a pitch-perfect performance.The way in which Ness was able to control an entire act with his presence throughout the trials of Elizabeth Proctor, played by Greta Nash, made for very intense and enjoyable theatre. Ness was also able to convey the subtle compassion that Danforth has when he is offering Proctor the chance to save his own life by admitting to the heinous crime of devil-worshipping. The power in the delivery of every line by James Ness sent shivers through the audience and kept them interested from the first time he is seen on stage until the end of the play. The choice of costuming was very successful in portraying the true intentions of each character.Abigail Wil liams was dressed in a black with a red headband, showing the evil that litters her soul, while the rest of the girls that were testifying against ‘the devil’ in court were wearing black with green headbands, showing the confusion and sickness that dominated their understanding of what they were doing. The green of the headbands worn by the group of girls were matched with the green light used in the first act when Betty Paris has fallen sick due to the witchcraft that has been performed. Both John Proctor and Elizabeth Proctor wore lighter colours dominated by white and light greys.This choice of colour was to display the purity and innocence of these two people, despite what was happening around them. Secondary characters that cared only a little bit about the witch trials that were occurring but only for selfish reasons, like Giles Corey, were placed in costumes dominated by greys to show both the good and the evil in them. The set design and direction for this inter pretation of The Crucible was very well thought out. The early acts of the performance are dominated by a very crowded stage by both actors and props. This adds to the effect of the confusion that is intended displayed throughout the beginning of the play.As the acts continue, it appears as though there is more and more unoccupied space on the stage to allow for the real message of the play to be conveyed through the words of the story and the performance of the actors. The stage for the final act is completely bare and very few actors are on stage at once. This set being stripped for this section was so that the raw emotion delivered through the acting was more powerful and more easily observed and understood. The set appears to be a symbol for logic and altruism. As the play continues, so does the logic and altruism displayed by any of the characters.

Marketing Jugo in Maldives

Marketing Jugo in Maldives

Free Essays on Nanotech

Molecular nanotechnology is the ability to build a device with â€Å"every atom in its specified place†1. Some envision that molecular manufacturing will be here within 20 years. A nano-factory can be the size of a table top. Products will be more powerful and use less energy due to its size1. â€Å"Declaring that â€Å"nanotechnology has the potential for unintended consequences, which is precisely why we can’t allow the societal implications to be an afterthought,† National Science Foundation Director Rita Colewell announced two new grants have been awarded that are worth more than one million each†2. These grants are for studies on the impact on society. The grant recipients will be studying things like impacts of manufactured material on our health and the environment. On the medical side, nanotechnology will be able to â€Å"monitor, repair, construct and control the human biological system at the molecular level† 3. This won’t be possible, however, until the machines and robots are developed. This is being actively pursued by a number of different companies. One is the Institute for Molecular manufacturing. They are a nonprofit foundation that researches nanotechnology4. One use of nanotechnology that is in use today is a product called SoilSET. According to one report5 Sequoia Pacific Research Company has developed a soil binder that is a mixture of organic and biodegradable concentrate. This product will bind at the â€Å"nanoscale† and stick to soil to help retain water and germinate seeds. It was field tested in 2002 in the Mendocino National Forest. The forest’s hydrologist said â€Å"the product did its job and prevented erosion before it dissolved in a year’s time†6. Quantum computers differ from what we use today. Today’s computers rely on the laws of physics while quantum computers rely on quantum mechanics. Part of the idea of quantum computing is that instead of something being true or... Free Essays on Nanotech Free Essays on Nanotech Molecular nanotechnology is the ability to build a device with â€Å"every atom in its specified place†1. Some envision that molecular manufacturing will be here within 20 years. A nano-factory can be the size of a table top. Products will be more powerful and use less energy due to its size1. â€Å"Declaring that â€Å"nanotechnology has the potential for unintended consequences, which is precisely why we can’t allow the societal implications to be an afterthought,† National Science Foundation Director Rita Colewell announced two new grants have been awarded that are worth more than one million each†2. These grants are for studies on the impact on society. The grant recipients will be studying things like impacts of manufactured material on our health and the environment. On the medical side, nanotechnology will be able to â€Å"monitor, repair, construct and control the human biological system at the molecular level† 3. This won’t be possible, however, until the machines and robots are developed. This is being actively pursued by a number of different companies. One is the Institute for Molecular manufacturing. They are a nonprofit foundation that researches nanotechnology4. One use of nanotechnology that is in use today is a product called SoilSET. According to one report5 Sequoia Pacific Research Company has developed a soil binder that is a mixture of organic and biodegradable concentrate. This product will bind at the â€Å"nanoscale† and stick to soil to help retain water and germinate seeds. It was field tested in 2002 in the Mendocino National Forest. The forest’s hydrologist said â€Å"the product did its job and prevented erosion before it dissolved in a year’s time†6. Quantum computers differ from what we use today. Today’s computers rely on the laws of physics while quantum computers rely on quantum mechanics. Part of the idea of quantum computing is that instead of something being true or...

The Lottery by Shirley Jackson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Lottery by Shirley Jackson - Essay Example It rose to significance in the early 20th century as a sort of reaction towards the romanticist theories related to literature. The romanticist theories focused on the author and his or her creative genius, previous works, personal history, etc. However, Meyer and Gardner point out that formalism is aimed at analyzing, interpreting, or evaluating the very inherent characteristics of a text. Technical issues related to grammar and syntax and literary tools like tropes and meter are important from the perspective of formalism. Formalism reduces the significance of a text’s cultural, historical, and biographical backgrounds (1541). Formalism has played an influential role in the field of literary study in USA approximately from the end of World War II through the 1970s. Of late, this approach of literary criticism is resurging once again. In such a state of affair, the concepts related to this approach must be reflected on. There are two major concepts in formalism: The first one is the intentional fallacy that puts forward that an author’s purpose or plan (i.e., intension) in creating a literary work is not relevant in evaluating or analyzing that work since the value and meaning of a work of literature should lie in the text only. In this regard, the formalist critic does not pay much attention to the â€Å"intent of the author† (Meyer and Gardner, 1539). The second important concept entailed in this critical approach is that of the affective fallacy, which holds that the very evaluation of a literary work cannot be based on its psychosomatic effects on the reader or the audience. Instead, constructive criticism should be concentrated towards the very qualities of the text itself, which might produce such sort of effects. (Meyer and Gardner, 1540) Consequently, formalist approach of criticism must entail close reading and analysis of the text. Further, it requires that all the opinions about the literary work should be properly referenced to the text. In the present paper, the formalist approach of criticism has been adopted to evaluate and analyze â€Å"The Lottery†. This piece of literary work can be categorized under short story. The work involves fiction, which has been empowered by a structured approach that involves visualization of certain situations by the means of vivid expressions. This sort of language skills is displayed at the very beginning of the story as Jackson writes, â€Å"The morning of June 27th was clear and sunny, with the fresh warmth of a full-summer day; the flowers were blossoming profusely and the grass was richly green.† (5) The concept of the affective fallacy entailed in formalism can readily be applied to the text as extracted above. The phrases like â€Å"richly green† (5), â€Å"fresh warmth† (5), and â€Å"blossoming profusely† (5) are the certain quality pieces of text, which are capable of producing profound emotional effects by the me ans of detailed description. Since the short story is based on fiction and formal approach does not give much importance to any historical context, this piece of writing qualifies as an effective literary text with distinguished taste. The concept of intentional fallacy can be applied to evaluate the value and meaning of the text throughout. The author’s intensions are rightly not of prime importance, since the creation of mystery and horror has been accomplished in a skillful way. â€Å"The Witchcraft of Salem Village came out in 1956, offering a simple history of witchcraft and a chronicle of the early puritan’s fear of the evil spirits.† (Jackson, 30). The carefully repeated use of the word â€Å"

Legalizing drugs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Legalizing drugs - Essay Example ‘This means buyers and sellers cannot resolve their disputes with lawsuits, arbitration or advertising, so they resort to violence instead’ (Miron, 2009). This led Miron to controversially conclude ‘the only way to reduce violence is to legalize drugs’. I aim to discuss arguments supporting the controlled legalization drugs. ‘The legalization of drugs would massively reduce organized crime’ (Micklethwart, 1994). Legalization wouldn’t mean the existing ‘evil drug pushers’ controlling the market. Instead, official legal businesses (e.g. cigarette companies) would take control of the drug industry. ‘The number of drug related murders would fall because turf battles would be settled by law instead of gun fire and corruption/blackmail/bribes by drug dealers to judges, government officials and the police, etc would diminish’ (Micklethwart, 1994). Cussen and Block (2000) also claim that the price of drugs could fall if they are made legal due to increased competition amongst drug companies, which could reduce theft, and murder rates among addicts in order to get their next ‘fix’ because they wouldn’t need as much money to afford them. The increased availability of drugs could therefore decrease drug-related crime. Drug revenues of cartels (often international organisations which support terrorism and add to violent crime) could also diminish due to drug revenues being increasingly distributed by free-market forces (Cussen and Block, 2000). On the whole, crime figures would reduce dramatically as formerly illegal activities become ‘socially approved business transactions (Cussen and Block, 2000: 528). ... However, when prohibition ended, alcohol related crime decreased. The same scenario could happen if drugs were legalized too. The legalization of drugs could also stop the ‘potency effect’, which is best summarized with the example of prohibition. During this time, the sellers would sell alcohol with higher alcoholic concentrations (higher potency) because ‘hard liquors’ had greater value (per unit of volume) (Cussen and Block, 2000). This resulted in people drinking alcohol with higher concentrations such as vodka, which, when drunk excessively is more dangerous than beer and wine. The same ‘potency effect’ can also be applied to today’s drug trade, in which dealers carry more potent drugs (which are also the most dangerous to consume, e.g. cocaine) due to their greater monetary value. I believe the ‘potent effect’ of drugs could be reduced is they were legalized. A legalized drug trade could also save taxpayers money. For e xample, in the UK, drug related crime costs the state department ?16 billion a year. Easton (2009) estimated that a regulated drug market for cocaine and heroin would see ?7 billion worth of savings due to savings in the cost of drug crime. ‘Jails are also often overcrowded and large amounts of tax payers dollars are being spent on enforcement efforts that only aggravate the problem’ (Cussen and Block, 2000: 532). Legalizing drugs could therefore cut the costs, not only of the consequences of addicts’ habits, but also for tax payers. Legalizing drugs would also mean that they could be taxed like alcohol and cigarettes, which would provide the state with a new substantial form of revenue which could outweigh related expenditure / costs, occurred onto

The Chocolate War Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Chocolate War - Case Study Example The war has also set back attempts by the world’s large chocolate companies to curb the use of child labor and help improve the lives of the people in the Ivory Coast by teaching them new farming techniques and business practices.  Worse still for the Ivory Coast, where the incomes of six million people – about 35% of the population – are linked to cocoa farming, is that chocolate companies may begin rethinking their reliance on the country amid fears of continuing political instability.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"If things don’t improve,† says Anne Prendergast, an analyst with the commodities trading firm Refco in New York, â€Å"over the next five years one may see a gradual erosion of production from the Ivory Coast.†Ã‚  In the succeeding weeks the rebels and the government have made progress toward peace. The next several months are critical. If the Ivory Coast can begin to mend its shredded political and social fabric, it may be able to undo the damage already don to its cocoa economy. But if unrest continues, the situation could become dire for both the country’s cocoa farmers and the world’s companies.  The war turned any of the major cocoa centers in the western part of the Ivory Coast in the battlefields. Farmers abandoned their crops to flee the rebel advance. Iberian mercenaries fighting alongside the rebels seized the entire northern half of the country before French peacekeepers intervened to separate the warring sides. The prospect of further political problems spooks international chocolate executives. So far, no chocolate company has pulled out.

Becoming a Police Officer Essay Example for Free

Becoming a Police Officer Essay Although being a police officer can be stressful, it can also be highly rewarding if public service is important to you. (Kara, 1999) When becoming a Police Officer, you are making a commitment to protect your community even if it means giving your life to do it. Despite what some people may think every police officer does their job they way they do it to make sure that your families are safe every night. Just like any job out there now a days you have to have an education. To be a police officer most places are now requiring a two degree. Going beyond a two year degree usually leaves you the opportunity to progress in your field of choice allowing for more job options. Being a Police Officer means that you have to first meet the requirements set forth by the department with which you are applying, have the unique set of skills to do your job efficiently, and you have to have the willingness to further your education to go further in your career. To be successful as a Police Officer there are some characteristics that you need. Some of these characteristics include having a level head, being able to think quickly on your feet, and have the ability to work well under pressure. You have to be able to work well with little to no supervision. This is a skill you need when working undercover and in the field. It is also important that you have self-confidence, and confidence in your ability to make decisions and take the lead in what could be a risky situation. Leadership skills are also important because the people of the community look to you to be able to solve issues and crime related issues. Having the capabilities to be a leader comes very important in the job as an officer. The whole community depends upon your ability to be a leader in their eyes. It’s highly important to have the ability to stay calm in highly stressful situations. If you are unable to stay calm in high pressure situations and emotional intense situations it will become hard for you to as an officer to function on a daily basis. Having patience (which can be difficult at times) and a good set of morals are also important skills an officer must have. An officer must be able to handle situations with patience and good communication skills. These come very handy while interviewing a suspect or even dealing with issues in the community. Having a good set of morals are important because as an officer of the law you must set the example and follow the laws yourself and not believe that you can get away with everything because you are above the law, because you are not. You are an enforcer of the law, so to enforce the law upon others you must also obey the laws yourself. You also should have a good sense of right and wrong to be able to encourage good behavi or to the public. The basic requirements to be a police officer are usually about the same, because most follow the civil service regulations when hiring officers. These requirements would include: Being a United States citizen, you have to be at least twenty-one years old, have a high school diploma or equivalent education, possess a valid driver’s license, and have no prior convictions. Now these are just the basics, most departments generally have more requirements, for example a lot of departments now require that you have at least an associate’s degree in criminal justice. Before you can begin working in a department as an officer you are generally required to attend a police academy which you must complete and pass to be qualified as a Police Officer. When you go through the police academy you are generally there from twelve to fourteen weeks, while there you must pass a physical fitness and written exam. While at the police academy educational wise, you will learn state ordinances and local laws, working with the public, constitutional laws, accident investigation, incident reporting, civil rights, mental preparation for hostility, and criminal psychology. Like most jobs you can learn all you want about a job but, you learn best by doing. Because police jobs are dangerous jobs they require specific training to succeed in the field. Work experience is done under the supervision of a training officer. The on the job training includes: using firearms, responding to emergencies, controlling traffic, CPR and first-aid, self-defense techniques, apprehension techniques, risk assessment, and role playing. All training is essential to be the best you can be at being an officer. All the training that is endured is important for you to be the person the community needs you to be. There are several opportunities for advancement in law enforcement. The police force ranking is clearly structured and goes as followed: Police constable, sergeant, inspector, chief inspector, superintendent, chief superintendent, assistant chief constable, deputy chief constable, and chief constable. Police constables have to complete a two year probationary period before they can be eligible for higher ranking. When the probationary period is over police constables are then able to apply for specialist units such as the fraud squad, fire arms, drug squad, child protection, criminal investigation department (CID) traffic, mounted branches, dog handlers, and underwater search units. Becoming a police officer is a process; you are tested physically and mentally. Being a police officer is an important job because those people are there for you, your family, and the community. Not only is education a requirement to being a police officer, but furthering that education will open up more opportunities in that field. To be a police officer it takes a number of skills to be the best you can be at your job. References AGCAS. (2012, January). Police officer career development. Retrieved from http://www.prospects.ac.uk/police_officer_career_development.htm Education Portal. (2003). Police officer: Educational requirements for police officers. Retrieved from http://education-portal.com/articles/Police_Officer_Educational_Requirements_for_Police_Officers.html What type of person can succeed in law enforcement. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.communitypolicing.org/law-enforcement-success

Health Care Analysis Essay -- Health Care

Health care reform has been a big topic since the Clinton administration when First Lady, Hillary Rodham Clinton, took it under her belt to devise a new system. Health care is the provision taken to preserve mental and physical health using prevention and treatment. Compared to other health care systems in the world, the United States is ranked 37th in terms of care, claims Michael Moore (2007). Ironically, our health care system spends more than any other nation on its patients, averaging nearly $8,000 per person (DiNitto, 2012). With soaring costs, it is no surprise that one in every seven Americans are uninsured (Kaiser, 2011). Even with these sorry figures, statistics show that 85% of Americans are satisfied with their health care (Saad, 2009). Another study shows that even 70% of uninsured Americans are pleased when they receive health care (Loft, 2009). Health care needs to be reformed, but in reformation, we must remember the amount of preexisting satisfaction. Living in a largely Judeo-Christian culture, we have high respect for the dignity of life. Our values are reflected through various federal and state documents including the declaration of independence which states that â€Å"[a]ll men†¦are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of happiness† (1776, par. 2). Each individual deserves justice. Our culture is also reflected through the way we inadvertantly uphold the Ten Commandments. The United States was founded on biblical principles which emit the dignity of all people. We must be careful to clearly see the line between all people and the majority of people. When utilitarian attitudes compel change, societies’ weakest members are put at ... ...und the world. Pbs. Retrieved from http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/sickaroundtheworld/view/ PBSNewshour. (2012, March 28). Supreme court wraps up health reform law hearings: What’s next? Retrieved from http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/health/jan-june12/scotusday3_03-28.html PBSNewshour. (2012, March 30). Health reform’s fate: How the Supreme Court will decide? Retrieved from http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/health/jan-june12/scotus_03-30.html PBSNewshour, (2012, March 30). Shields, Brooks, on Supreme Court ‘high tension,’ health reform’s future. Retrieved from http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/politics/jan-june12/shieldsbrooks_03-30.html Saad, L. (2009). Cost is foremost health care issues for America. Retrieved from http://ww w.gallup.com/poll/123149/cost-is-foremost-healthcare-issue-for-americans.aspx U.S. Declaration of Independence, Paragraph 2 (1776).

Term Paper on Interracial Marriages

TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgement Chapter One – The Problem and Its Scope Introduction 2 Statement of the Problem 4 Review of Related Literature 5 Significance of the Study 7 Scope and Limitation 9 Definition of Terms 10 Organization of the Study 12 Chapter Two – Research Design and Methodology Research Method 14 Research Instrument 14 Research Environment 14 Research Subject 15 Research Procedure 16 Statistical Treatment of the Data 17 Chapter Three – Presentation, Interpretation and Analysis of Data 18 Chapter Four – Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations Summary 43 Conclusion 45 Recommendations 47 Bibliography 50 Appendices Appendix A – Letters Appendix B – Sample Questionnaires Appendix C – Pictures Appendix D – Respondent’s Directory Introduction Marriage, a legally recognized relationship, established by a civil or religious ceremony, between two people who intend to live together as sexual and domestic partners. The joining together in wedlock of two people, something which supposed to be and should be considered sacred as well as wonderful. It is a in which commitment two people are bound to one another and are obligated to promise to one another that they love, care and be loyal to each other through all times. A beautiful thing†¦yet sadly some people do it out of what benefits they might receive from it, may it be money, fame or any other superficial thing in this world. But there are times that these people do it out of need. This brings us to talk about interracial marriages. Interracial marriages, though in the past had been considered taboo, aren’t rare sites anymore, may it be in the Philippines or other parts of the world. However, just because now it isn’t forbidden by the law (as there was a time when there was a law made against it), it doesn’t mean that all of us give the go signal. Interracial marriages will most likely create various outcomes. These effects will not only affect the family members and friends of the spouses, they can also affect other individuals of the community. They could even affect the whole society especially now these days where there are studies which show that there has been a rise in the percentage of these marriages. These Filipinos went into these marriages for different reasons, they could have done it for love or for the benefits that come with the spouse. Now, the reason the researchers have selected to do this study is for them to learn what people really think about these marriages and what effects it could possibly bring about the Philippine Society. Hopefully this study will be able to help the Filipino people understand these interracial couples better and to prepare the Filipino people for what changes may be stimulated by these marriages, may they be good or bad. Statement of the Problem The researchers aim to find out what people think about interracial marriages and what possible effects these marriages could induce to the Philippine society. They also aim to get the Filipino people ready for what alterations interracial marriages could create. While making the study, the researchers hope to answer the following questions: o Are interracial marriages still found unusual? o What are the factors that lead to interracial marriages? o How will these marriages affect the Philippine Society? Review of Related Literature In the Chronicle Online, there is an article there entitled â€Å"Interracial Relationships Are On The Increase In U. S. But Decline With Age, Cornell Study Finds† which talks about the increase in number of marriages between different kinds of races through the years. It also has findings that these relationships decline with age because the youngest age bracket ranked the highest among these relationships and the middle age bracket ranked second while the oldest age bracket ranked last. Despite the fact that these findings were based in the U. S. , it somehow gives the researchers an idea of how relatio nships between different races affected another country. From this article, they could already come up with a possible outcome. In a 2003 study, once again based in the United States, by Kara Joyner (assistant professor of policy analysis and management at Cornell and co-author of a study on interracial relationships in a recent issue of the American Sociological Review) it was reported that adolescents in romances with another race were significantly less willing to reveal their relationship to family and close friends than those in same-race relationships, suggesting that such relationships still do not receive whole-hearted approval by society. The researchers could try to compare these findings to the results they are about to come across and see the difference. In an article in The Freeman Magazine of October 2002 tells about a relationship of one Leyte-born Filipina, Theresa Mason nee Estafia, to British national, Chris Mason, which ended in marriage. This is proof that happy endings between two lovers of different races aren’t impossible. The book, Chinese American Intermarriage, is also a study based on the Chinese American experiences in New York City, focuses on the increase of these relationships, the attraction and the obstacles, of which the most significant is still family objection. This book and the rest of these articles may be helpful to the researchers later on in the study especially when analyzing and interpreting the data. Significance of the Study Interracial relationships, marriages to be specific, aren’t as rare as they used to be in the Philippines. The researchers have arranged this study in order to find out what the Filipino people’s opinion on these kinds of marriages are since these marriages were once considered somehow taboo, and how Filipino people think these kinds of marriages could affect the Philippine society. The researchers hope that by making this study, they could help the following: o People who plan to have an interracial marriage– They would know what effects they are most probably going to bring about to the Philippine Society and see if they are making the right decision marrying these foreigners. o Couples (interracial) – They will know what effects they are bringing about to the Philippine Society. They will also get an insight of what the Filipino people take their (the interracial couple’s) marriages for. Foreigners (with Filipino partners) – They will get an insight of what they are getting themselves into or have gotten themselves into. It will also help them speculate on their relationship, if it really is based on love or money. o Country – It will be prepared for the disadvantages these marriages could bring about and know how to handle these possible drawbacks. Scope and Limitation The researchers are to survey 100 selected residents of Cebu for their term paper. The respondents play a vital role in the making of this term paper because their answers would serve as the key to unfolding this study. The term paper will deal with the opinions of selected Cebu Residents on interracial marriages between a Filipino citizen and a foreigner, and its effects to the Philippine Society. The researchers are given four weeks, more or less, to make this requirement. In creating the term paper, the researchers have allotted an amount of 400 pesos for purpose such as photo copying and other possible needs. The researchers also need to have sources such as the internet, books, newspapers, encyclopedia or any other articles that would be able to help them gain more knowledge on interracial marriages and its possible effects to the Philippine Society by doing so, helping them come up with an effective study. Definition of Terms Benefits – money, to move out of the country, escaping a life of hardship/poverty Cebu residents – any Filipino who currently lives in the province of Cebu Effects – changes which can possibly be done Filipino citizen/person – an individual who was born to Filipino parents and raised in the Philippines Foreigner – a person who was born to natives of countries other than the Philippines and raised in a country other than the Philippines Go Signal – approval Induce – bring about Interracial – between a Filipino and a foreigner Interracial Couples – a couple composed of a Filipino and a foreigner Interracial Marriage – a marriage of a Filipino Citizen to a foreigner Marriage – a legal union of two people through a ceremony called a wedding Partner – spouse/lover Philippine Society – the people of the Philippines Respondents – the people selected to answer the survey Taboo – forbidden The Researchers – the people who have conducted the study (namely: Trysha Bautista, Kimberly Bouffard, Sherry Corominas, Eileen Cueno and Miles Semblante) Organization of the Study This term paper consists of four chapters. Each chapter contains contents which are vital to the researchers in order to help future readers understand the researchers study further. The first chapter is the Problem and Its Scope; it contains the introduction, which more or less is a general summary of what the term paper is all about, the statement of the problem shows the aim or objective of the study through general statement questions, and the review of related literature is information/research about previous studies or projects made which are related to the study the researchers have made. The significance of the study states why the study is important, and to whom the study is important to. In the scope and limitation, future readers will know what grounds the researchers can cover and what their certain restrictions are. The definition of terms will help future readers understand the terms the researchers have used in their study and how these words are used. Chapter two, the Research Design and Methodology, consists of the research methods, research instrument, and statistical treatment of the data. The research methods describe how the researchers gathered their data to come up with their output. The research instrument tackles about the materials/instruments used to complete the study. The statistical treatment of data covers the numerical information in the study. The third chapter, the Presentation, Interpretation and Analysis of data, like the title itself, is just the researchers’ presentation, interpretation and analysis of their data. Chapter four is the Summary, Conclusion and Interpretation; it consists of the summary which is a sum-up and a review of the whole study, the conclusion which is the closing statement and the recommendation. Research Method For the study on interracial marriages and its effects to the Philippine society, the researchers used a survey type in order to gain more knowledge on the said topic. With the use of questionnaires, the researchers are to learn more about what the residents of Cebu think about interracial marriages and how these marriages could affect the Philippine society. Research Instruments The main instrument that the researchers utilized for the purpose of this study was the questionnaire made up of 8 questions. Computers, internet access, encyclopedias, books and some periodicals were also necessary in the making of this term paper. Research Environment The researchers made questionnaires which were distributed to selected Cebu residents living in these following areas: Tisa, Banilad, Banawa and Talisay. The researchers chose those areas because those areas of Cebu are most convenient for them, given that they live in the said areas and that the researchers believed that the residents in these areas would readily share their opinions on the topic and that they are exposed to these kinds of relationships. The other half of respondents were randomly selected in Ayala Center Cebu because they had an idea that most foreigners were to be found there and they also wanted to know what regular people thought of their topic. Research Subject The researchers asked various respondents to answer the questionnaires they made for their survey. They selected people who they supposed were exposed to interracial marriages or any kind of interracial relationships because they believe these people could give them the knowledge they require in order for their study to be a success. They also chose ordinary people at the mall because they wanted to get what regular people thought of the topic. They opted to let foreigners answer their questionnaires as well, as to see what these outsiders think about marriages of one of their kind to a Filipino. Research Procedure The researchers had brainstormed on possible topics that they might have for their term paper. They proposed their topics to their Social Studies III teacher and then she approved of the topic on interracial marriages and its effects to the society. After which, they studied on whatever they could on the said topic which would help them formulate questions for their questionnaire. Once they have completed the creation of their questionnaire, they distributed 100 copies to various respondents and then collected them when they were completely answered. Then they recorded the data they gathered, made a graph out of it, interpreted and analyzed it, and made a conclusion out of it. Statistical Treatment of Data The study needs to be studied with complete accuracy so that their data may be analyzed and interpreted correctly. In order to accomplish that, they used this formula: %= f/n * 100% f=frequency n=number of respondents/answers Question #1: Do you find it unusual seeing a Filipino together with a foreigner? Table #1 Respondents Opinion on Filipinos Being Together with Foreigners N= 100 |Response |Frequency |Percentage | |Yes |25 |25% |No |75 |75% | | | |Total 100% | Graph #1 [pic] Interpretation The table and graph above shows that 75 out of 100 or 75% of the respondents do not find it unusual seeing a Filipino together with a foreigner. On the other hand, 25 out of 100 or 25% of the respondents do find it unusual. Analysis The results show that interracial relationships aren’t considered to be as scarce as they used to be in the past. Therefore, it is somewhat safe to say that interracial marriages aren’t considered as uncommon as well. It also goes to show that these days the Filipino people are exploring other cultures and they aren’t scared of criticism since one would easily spot an interracial couple in a public place, such as malls. Question #2: Why do you think they prefer to marry foreigners over fellow countrymen? Table #2 Respondents’ Opinion as to Why Some Filipinos Prefer to Marry Foreigners over Fellow Filipinos N= 141 |Response |Frequency |Percentage | |Because foreigners can provide a life of |65 |46% | |luxury for these Filipinos | | | |Because they want to move out of the |33 23% | |country | | | |They just happen to love them |21 |15% | |Because of Physical appearance |12 |9% | |Other |10 |7% | | | |Total 100% | Graph #2 [pic] Interpretation The figures above show that 46% think that some Filipinos choose to marry foreigners over fellow Filipinos because believe that these foreigners can provide them with a life of luxury. 23% assume that they do it because they want to move out of the country. There are 15% who feel that these Filipinos just happen to love their foreign partners. There are also 9% who think that these Filipinos chose foreigners over Filipinos because of physical appearance. The last 7% have other reasons. Analysis Life and luxury takes the highest position to why people prefer to marry foreigners over fellow countrymen. This is maybe because of the situation the country is in now. It has also been found out from the research and gathered data that ‘wants’ are big priorities with this issue. In this survey, of the gathered data above, these marriages work out well because the couple can find beneficial things and they can adjust to the situation. Question #3: What do you think are the most probable reason for their marriages? Table #3 Respondents’ Opinion for the Most Probable Reason for Their Marriages N= 175 Response |Frequency |Percentage | |Love |20 |11% | |Money |39 |22% | |Convenience (to live in a good house, live |58 |24% | |a life of luxury) | | | |To get out of the country |30 |17% | |To have beautiful offspri ng |14 |8% | |Others |14 |8% | | | |Total 100% | Graph #3 [pic] Interpretation The data shows that 11% percent of them think that the reason is because of love. There 22% of them think that it is because of money. 24% is because of the convenience to live in a good house and to have a life of luxury. There are 17% of them who thinks that it is because that the Filipinos could have the chance to get out of the country. There are also 8% of them who thinks that it is because they could have a beautiful offspring. The last 8% have other reasons. Analysis In the data the highest percentage is that of the convenience to live in a good house and to have a life of luxury. The second highest rate of percentage is money. With these two having the highest tallies, it makes a speculation as to what these marriages are really about, because it seems to be based more on money than on love. Question #4: What do you think are the Factors That Make Interracial Marriages Difficult? Table #4 Respondents’ Opinion on What Make Interracial Marriages Difficult N= 118 Response |Frequency |Percentage | |Money |22 |19% | |Cultural Differences |75 |63% | |Location of residence |19 |16% | |Others |2 |2% | | | |Total 100% | Graph #4 [pic] Interpretation The data shows that there are 19% of them who think that it is because of money. 63% thinks that it is because of the cultural differences. 16% of the data shows that it is because of the location of residents. The last 2% percent have their own personal reasons. Analysis In the data the highest percentage is because of cultural differences. This shows that no matter how much you love each other, there will always be problems, and the problems that occur between these couples are cause by the fact that they were brought up in two different worlds. Question #5: What do you think the foreigners find in their Filipino partners? Table #5 Response |Frequency |Percentage | |Love |32 |27% | |Companionship |78 |67% | |Others |7 |6% | | | |Total 100% | Graph #5 [pic] Interpretation The data shows that majority, 67% of our respondents think that it’s companionship that foreigners find in their Filipino partners, 27% thinks that it’s love, and the remaining 6%, on others. Analysis The data goes to show that majority think that these foreigners find companionship in their Filipino partners. And given the fact that Filipinos are very hospitable people, it really doesn’t seem such a surprise why they would choose Filipinos for companionship. Question #6: Do you think interracial marriages work out well? Table #6 Respondents’ Opinion on Whether or Not Interracial Marriages Work Out N= 100 |Response |Frequency |Percentage | |Yes |63 |63% |No |36 |36% | |It depends |1 |1% | | | |Total 100% | Graph #6 [pic] Interpretation The table and graph above show that 63 out of 100 of 63% of the respondents do believe that interracial marriages can work out. On the other hand 36% believe that these marriages will not last and 1% said that it would d epend. Analysis This shows that majority think these marriages do work out while a few believe that they don’t. A very small minority says that it would just really depend. This gives the impression that maybe these marriages do work out given that majority suppose so as well. Question #6. 1: If YES Table #6. 1 Respondents’ Opinions as to Why Interracial Marriages Work Out Well N= 118 |Response |Frequency |Percentage | |Love conquers all |19 |46% | |If one finds something in the marriage |95 |81% | |beneficial, he/she will have to adjust to | | | |his/her spouse | | |Others |4 |3% | | | |Total 100% | Graph #6. 1 [pic] Interpretation The graph and table above show that 81% of the 63 who answered that interracial marriages will work out think that these marriages will work out most likely because if one finds something in the marriage beneficial, he/she will have to adjust to his/her spouse. 16% had the idea that love conquers all while 8% had other things in mind. Analysis This shows that most of the respondents think that these Filipinos and foreigners will adjust to their spouses if they find something in their marriage beneficial. A few think that love conquers all while the rest thought otherwise. This goes to show that a lot of people think these marriages are based on convenience rather that love. However; despite that, these marriages will work for the reason that if they find something which could be of their advantage in the wedlock, they would just have to be flexible and understand each other. Question #6. 2: If NO Table #6. 1 Respondents’ Opinions as to Why Interracial Marriages Will Not Work Out Well N= 74 |Response |Frequency |Percentage | |They were brought up into different world, |29 |39% |they wouldn’t understand each other | | | |If the relationship isn’t based on love, it|42 |57% | |won’t last | | | |Others |3 |4% | | | |Total 100% | Graph #6. 2 [pic] Interpretation The data shows that 57% of the respondents who didn’t think interracial marriages work out had the idea that if the relationship wasn’t based on love in the first place, that relationship wouldn’t last. On the other hand, 39% of the respondents said that being brought up into different cultures would be a hindrance to the relationship while 4% though otherwise. Analysis The data shows that majority think that these relationships wouldn’t last because they weren’t based on love whilst another minority thinks differently. If related to the previous analyses, this gives the impression that maybe these marriages aren’t really based on love after all. Question #7: How do you think these marriages would affect the Philippine society? Table #7 Respondents’ Opinions as to How Interracial Marriages Would Affect the Philippine Society N= 108 |Response |Frequency Percentage | |It will make us lose our identities as |30 |28% | |Filipinos | | | |The Filipino people will be branded as |50 |46% | |â€Å"Gold Diggers† | | | |Others |28 |26% | | | |100% | Graph #7 [pic] Interpretation The figures above show that out of the 3 given choices for possible effects in terracial marriages would bring about, majority think that the Filipino people will be branded as â€Å"Gold Diggers† with a frequency of 50 over 108 or 46%. The idea that Filipinos would lose their identities follows with the frequency of 30 over 108 or 28%. The remaining 26% fall under the category others. Analysis The table and graph above show that most people think that these marriages would make other nations brand us as â€Å"Gold Diggers† while only a few think that we’d lose our identities. Another minority also think otherwise. This gives the impression that these marriages are based on money or else they wouldn’t think that these marriages would make other nations brand us as so. It also gives the impression that Filipinos have a strong sense of character since only a few worry of Filipinos losing their identities. Question #8: All in all do you think these marriages are for the better or worse of the country? Table #8 Respondents’ Opinion if Interracial Marriages are for the Better or Worse of the Country N= 100 Response |Frequency |Percentage | |Better |78 |78% | |Worse |18 |18% | |Neither |4 |4% | | | |Total 100% | Graph#8 [pic] Interpretation From the data above, it can be seen that 78 out of 100 or 78% believe that interracial marriages are for the b etter of the Philippines. The thought that these marriages are for the worse of the country come in second with a frequency of 18 over 100 or 18%. The remaining 4% think neither. Analysis The table and graph above show that most people think that these marriages would actually be good of the Philippines. A few think that they are actually far the worse while another minority thinks neither. This goes to show that a lot of people are optimistic about what interracial marriages will bring about to the Philippine society. Summary Interracial marriages have augmented as the years have gone by, even though it was once considered a grave taboo. This study has been conducted as to see what the people currently living in the Cebu Province think of these interracial marriages and how it might affect the Philippine society. The researchers have gone through various tasks. Once the researchers have decided on having interracial marriages and their effects to the Philippine society as a topic, they had it approved and started to research on anything they could find on interracial marriages. They made use of different resources such as books, magazines, newspapers and the internet to acquire more knowledge on the topic in order to draw out a problem. They then chose a survey type of research to find the answer to it. They then made the first chapter which contains the introduction, the statement of the problem, the review of related literature, the significance of the study, the scope and limitation, the definition of terms and the organization of the study. Then they have devised a questionnaire which should get the respondents’ opinion on the topic. After which the researchers determined the method of research they were to use for this term paper, the procedure they would follow, the instruments they would utilize, the environment they would cover and the subjects whose opinions they were going to ask of. Once they finished determining the following above, they put what they have settled on into writing. They distributed the questionnaires to the selected and random respondents and later retrieved them. Subsequently they recorded, graphed, interpreted, analyzed and concluded the data. Conclusion After many days and weeks of hard work which needed much patience, perseverance, endurance, sweat and blood, the researchers were able to arrive at certain conclusions which would answer the different objectives stated in the earlier chapter of the study. These days, it isn’t very unusual for most people to see a Filipino with a oreigner, because you can see a lot of these people in the malls, indicating that most of these couples are not afraid of exposing their relationships to the public and aren’t afraid of what people might think of them. Most of the respondents think that a life of luxury is the most probable reason for these interracial marriages and why these Filipinos choose to marry foreigners over their fellow countrymen. In any marriage, there will always be difficulties, but in an interracial one, the most likely reason which bought about their matrimonial problems would be because of their cultural differences, because these people have been brought up in two entirely different worlds. But a lot of people think that even if those interracial couple would face those kinds of dilemmas, their marriages would still work out well since they believe that if one finds something in the marriage beneficial, he/she would just have to adjust to his/her spouse. However, majority feel that with these kinds of marriages growing in number in the Philippines, the Filipino people would be branded as gold diggers, but nevertheless, most of the respondents believe that these marriages would be for the better of the country. These marriages are considered to be for the better of the Philippines by most respondents for various reasons. Some say that in a way, it will boost our economy and tourism, that it will lessen the overcrowding here in the Philippines, and that more beautiful Filipinos would be created that way. Recommendation There are a lot of factors to consider as to why these Filipinos have decided to tie the knot with their lovers from distant lands. Majority think that these Filipinos chose to wed these foreigners because these outsiders are the fastest ticket there is to living a life of luxury. Marriage is no joking matter, and to marry an individual who has grown up from an almost completely different lifestyle isn’t easy. These marriages will not only affect the families of the spouses, they will affect everybody in a way. The researchers would like to recommend this study to the following: o Interracial Couples (married or not) This study will definitely help them make the right decision as to where to take their relationships. With the insight of other people, they might be able to reflect if their liaison will actually take them somewhere. It will aid them in trying to understand each other, especially with the fact that they come from two totally different worlds, helping them adjust to one another so that they might not lose their identities. It might also help them prepare themselves for all possible consequences they might have to face, especially if their relationship is not based on love. o Teenagers Despite the fact that entering an interracial marriage (or any marriage for that matter) should be the farthest things on their minds as of the moment, this study should be able to prepare them for what action they should take before deciding to walk down the aisle. Hopefully, this study would also help them try to improve how other countries view o People who plan to enter an interracial marriage It might make them contemplate on the decisions they are about to make, especially on marrying a foreigner. It should make them aware that by entering these marriages, some people have branded us gold diggers. But more importantly, it should help them contemplate on what they would get themselves in to by getting wed to a foreigner. o Other Researchers With Similar Studies This study will help other researchers with similar studies because it will give them an idea of what to do in their research. It might also serve them as a basis of information. Bibliography Electronic Sources: Websites: Alouise, Nacy John. â€Å"Interracial Marriages and the Effects on Children. † Race, Racism and the Law. 1998. 5 Jan. 2006 . Beaver, Laura. â€Å"Interracial Relationships: A Historical Perspective. † Interracial Relationships. 2000. 28 Dec. 2005 . Lang, Susan S. â€Å"Interracial relationships are on the increase in U. S. , but decline with age, Cornell study finds. † Chronicle Online. 2 Nov. 2005. 5 Jan. 2006 . 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